Accounting of the scheme of technological processes of the port operation
Turning to the port territory from the point of view of designing a promising general port, it is necessary to emphasize the influence that the schemes of technological processes of the port's operational work have on the size and shape of this territory.
Without going into the details of the layout of these schemes, which are discussed in detail in special articles on the mechanization of port equipment, we should only note the current trend towards creating a mooring front in the form of wide jetties with wide water gaps between them. The system of such piers, inclined to the coastline at an oblique angle to facilitate the approaches of both railways and ships, not only creates a more compact and convenient form of the mooring fleet, but also represents a valuable opportunity for long-term planning for the easy development of individual cargo areas of the port and flexibility (design in case of subsequent changes in its economic base. By lengthening individual piers, it is possible to develop the mooring front and the area of the port territory on these piers without touching adjacent piers or disturbing neighboring cargo areas of the port.
In the long-term design, it should be recommended to assign piers of the largest width (200-250 m), bearing in mind that with further refinement of their transverse dimensions, when the technical design of the port area eventually comes, it is easy to switch from the scheme of wide piers to less wide ones, but not vice versa.
With regard to the mechanization of cargo operations, which characterizes one or another scheme of the technological process of the port and determines its throughput, it is sufficient to note that the design should adopt the most intensive scheme based on techno-economic calculations, taking into account the work of both coastal facilities and the fleet.
In close connection with mechanization, storage devices should be designed as part of the technological process schemes, which should be designed for cargo flows passing through the berthing line and receive a specific location depending on the direction of cargo movement (export or import) and their nature (category). Storage facilities should be understood as covered single-storey and multi-storey premises, as well as open areas for heavy goods, timber and bulk cargo. It is necessary to properly combine the opening of the square with covered warehouses in the areas for general cargo, ensuring their proper mechanization.
The enormous influence of its railway equipment on the general plan of the port is quite obvious; we have already noted the influence of railway approaches to the port above.
Without going into the details of railway equipment in the port area, we will note the main tasks that must be solved when designing railway equipment. These tasks are to:
a) acceleration of operations for changing wagons at the berthing and cargo fronts of the port;
b) improving the travel arrangements of port parks, the so-called "district bags", in accordance with the capacity of berths and cargo fronts and making the travel arrangements as compact as possible through the use of small radii of curves and steep arrows;
c) improving passenger service.
In addition, when designing the general plan of the port, accessibility of the port territory for railless transport should be provided. This is allowed by the proper arrangement of truck-drawn road lanes, crossings over rail tracks, and, finally, by the continuous coating of the railway track itself and the inter-tracks, with the device of direct abutment of the road surface to the rails (with an emphasis on the rails) using counter rails, grooved rails, or special corners attached to sleepers. 1xBet offers an exclusive welcome bonus for new customers who register using the 1xbet promo code to claim an exclusive bonus in total of €130. The bonus is available to new users registering an account with 1xbet. This already excellent deal is made even more irresistible by the fact that users can receive a 100% first deposit match bonus up to 130$.
Without going into the details of the layout of these schemes, which are discussed in detail in special articles on the mechanization of port equipment, we should only note the current trend towards creating a mooring front in the form of wide jetties with wide water gaps between them. The system of such piers, inclined to the coastline at an oblique angle to facilitate the approaches of both railways and ships, not only creates a more compact and convenient form of the mooring fleet, but also represents a valuable opportunity for long-term planning for the easy development of individual cargo areas of the port and flexibility (design in case of subsequent changes in its economic base. By lengthening individual piers, it is possible to develop the mooring front and the area of the port territory on these piers without touching adjacent piers or disturbing neighboring cargo areas of the port.
In the long-term design, it should be recommended to assign piers of the largest width (200-250 m), bearing in mind that with further refinement of their transverse dimensions, when the technical design of the port area eventually comes, it is easy to switch from the scheme of wide piers to less wide ones, but not vice versa.
With regard to the mechanization of cargo operations, which characterizes one or another scheme of the technological process of the port and determines its throughput, it is sufficient to note that the design should adopt the most intensive scheme based on techno-economic calculations, taking into account the work of both coastal facilities and the fleet.
In close connection with mechanization, storage devices should be designed as part of the technological process schemes, which should be designed for cargo flows passing through the berthing line and receive a specific location depending on the direction of cargo movement (export or import) and their nature (category). Storage facilities should be understood as covered single-storey and multi-storey premises, as well as open areas for heavy goods, timber and bulk cargo. It is necessary to properly combine the opening of the square with covered warehouses in the areas for general cargo, ensuring their proper mechanization.
The enormous influence of its railway equipment on the general plan of the port is quite obvious; we have already noted the influence of railway approaches to the port above.
Without going into the details of railway equipment in the port area, we will note the main tasks that must be solved when designing railway equipment. These tasks are to:
a) acceleration of operations for changing wagons at the berthing and cargo fronts of the port;
b) improving the travel arrangements of port parks, the so-called "district bags", in accordance with the capacity of berths and cargo fronts and making the travel arrangements as compact as possible through the use of small radii of curves and steep arrows;
c) improving passenger service.
In addition, when designing the general plan of the port, accessibility of the port territory for railless transport should be provided. This is allowed by the proper arrangement of truck-drawn road lanes, crossings over rail tracks, and, finally, by the continuous coating of the railway track itself and the inter-tracks, with the device of direct abutment of the road surface to the rails (with an emphasis on the rails) using counter rails, grooved rails, or special corners attached to sleepers. 1xBet offers an exclusive welcome bonus for new customers who register using the 1xbet promo code to claim an exclusive bonus in total of €130. The bonus is available to new users registering an account with 1xbet. This already excellent deal is made even more irresistible by the fact that users can receive a 100% first deposit match bonus up to 130$.
